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Sun, Haomin; Kunugi, Tomoaki*; Yokomine, Takehiko*; Shen, X.*; Hibiki, Takashi*
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 211, p.124214_1 - 124214_17, 2023/09
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：53.66(Thermodynamics)Ariyoshi, Gen; Obayashi, Hironari; Sasa, Toshinobu
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 59(9), p.1071 - 1088, 2022/09
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：29.26(Nuclear Science & Technology)Electromagnetic induction method is one of the effective techniques for local velocity measurement in heavy liquid metals. Ricou and Vives' probe and Von Weissenfluh's probe are famous instrumentations using a permanent magnet. However, sensitivity and measurement volume of the probes show unexpected variation since demagnetization of the magnet is occurred by temperature increase up to the Curie temperature. In this study, electromagnetic probe incorporating a miniature electromagnet was newly developed to overcome such unexpected variation. The diameter and the length of the sensor was 6 mm and 155 mm, respectively. The sensitivity and the measurement volume of the probe were assessed by measurement of local velocity of flowing mercury in a square channel. To clarify the validity for the measured velocity profiles, numerical velocity profiles were calculated and compared with experiment. And the validity for the measured velocity profiles were confirmed by calculated result.
Furuyama, Taisei*; Thwe Thwe, A.; Katsumi, Toshiyuki; Kobayashi, Hideaki*; Kadowaki, Satoshi
Nihon Kikai Gakkai Rombunshu (Internet), 87(898), p.21-00107_1 - 21-00107_12, 2021/06
The effects of steam addition on the unstable behavior of hydrogen-air lean premixed flames under adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions were investigated by numerical calculations. Adopting a detailed chemical reaction mechanism of hydrogen-oxyfuel combustion modeled by 17 reversible reactions of 8 active species and diluents, a two-dimensional unsteady reaction flow was treated based on the compressible Navier-Stokes equation. As the steam addition and heat loss increased, the burning velocity of a planar flame decreased and the normalized burning velocity increased. The addition of water vapor promotes the unstable behavior of the hydrogen-air lean premixed flame. This is because the thermal diffusivity of the gas decreases and the diffusion-thermal instability increases. The effect of adding water vapor on the instability of hydrogen premixed flames is a new finding, and it is expected to connect with hydrogen explosion-prevention measures as in NPP.
6 rod bundleHan, X.*; Shen, X.*; Yamamoto, Toshihiro*; Nakajima, Ken*; Sun, Haomin; Hibiki, Takashi*
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 144, p.118696_1 - 118696_19, 2019/12
Times Cited Count：15 Percentile：64.13(Thermodynamics)Aoyagi, Kazuhei; Tokiwa, Tetsuya*; Sato, Toshinori; Hayano, Akira
Proceedings of 2019 Rock Dynamics Summit in Okinawa (USB Flash Drive), p.682 - 687, 2019/05
In high-level radioactive disposal projects, it is important to investigate the extent of the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) for safety assessment because EDZ can provide a migration pathway for radionuclides from the facility. To investigate the quantitative differences between EDZs formed because of blasting and mechanical excavation, we studied the characteristics of fractures induced by excavation based on fracture mapping performed during shaft sinking (V- and E-Shafts). As a result, it was found that blasting excavation can lead to the formation of a large number of newly created fractures (EDZ fractures) compared with mechanical excavation. In addition, the seismic velocity (P-wave velocity) measured during blasting excavation (E-Shaft) was lower than that measured during mechanical excavation (V-Shaft). Furthermore, we found that the support pattern that reinforces forward rocks to be appropriate for limiting damage to the shaft wall.
Sugita, Yutaka; Aoyagi, Kazuhei; Kubota, Kenji*; Nakata, Eiji*; Oyama, Takahiro*
JAEA-Research 2018-002, 72 Pages, 2018/06
JAEA-Research-2018-002.pdf:6.16MB
In a excavation of shafts and galleries in the deep underground for disposing radioactive waste, an excavation damaged zone (EDZ) is developed around the galleries and shafts owing to the stress redistribution. Since the characteristic changes of the rock mass in the EDZ affects the radionuclides migration behavior, it is important to understand the long-term behavior of the EDZ. Thus, we performed the in situ experiment to investigate the long-term behavior of EDZ as part of the collaborative research between Japan Atomic Energy Agency and Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry in the 140m gallery in the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory. In this research, we investigated the extent, mechanism of the change of hydro-mechanical characteristic, and long-term behavior of the EDZ on the basis of the comprehensive estimation of the results of the observation of the drift wall and the various investigations using boreholes such as geological investigation, the seismic and resistivity tomography, hydraulic test, water content monitoring, borehole loading test, convergence measurement, and so on. In addition, we clarified applicability and future tasks of the testing method used in this research for the investigation of the long-term behavior of the EDZ.
Aoyagi, Kazuhei; Kubota, Kenji*; Nakata, Eiji*; Suenaga, Hiroshi*; Nohara, Shintaro*
JAEA-Research 2017-004, 91 Pages, 2017/06
JAEA-Research-2017-004.pdf:6.07MB
In this study, we performed seismic tomography, seismic refraction survey, resistivity tomography, and hydraulic tests to investigate the hydro-mechanical property of the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) in the 250 m gallery of the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory. As a result of seismic tomography, seismic velocity is significantly decreased within 1 m from the gallery wall. The decrease of seismic velocity is related to the density of fracture induced around the gallery wall as a result of the gallery excavation. Thus the extent of the fractures induced by gallery excavation, i.e., EDZ fractures is clarified to be within 1.0 m from the gallery wall. The enhanced hydraulic conductivity was detected within 0.5 to 1.0 m from the gallery wall on the basis of the result of hydraulic tests. This is almost consistent with the extent of the region that seismic velocity is significantly decreased. Therefore, it is estimated that EDZ fractures induced around the gallery leads to the increase of hydraulic conductivity. In addition, the desaturation zone around the gallery is not induced as a result of resistivity tomography. From these results, the hydro-mechanical property of the EDZ is clarified in detail. Also, the in situ tests and evaluation method applied in this study are appropriate to investigate the EDZ in detail.
Hirooka, Shun; Kato, Masato
Proceedings of International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles; Next Generation Nuclear Systems for Sustainable Development (FR-17) (USB Flash Drive), 6 Pages, 2017/06
Young's modulus of MOX pellets was evaluated by measuring the sound velocities of longitudinal and transverse waves in the pellets as functions of porosity, oxygen-to-metal ratio (O/M) and plutonium content. The results showed that porosity was the most important factor that 20% of the porosity decreased Young's modulus by neatly 100 GPa while O/M and plutonium content could change the Young's modulus by ~20 GPa. From the measured sound velocities, temperature dependence on Young's modulus and specific heat capacity were calculated on the Debye model by leveraging the thermal expansion data. The temperature dependence that Young's modulus decreases with increasing temperature is in good agreement with literature data. The specific heat capacity also agrees with that of calculated value by Kopp's method, taken the Schottky term and the excited term into account.
Ichikawa, Yasuaki*; Kimoto, Kazushi*; Matsui, Hiroya; Kuwabara, Kazumichi; Ozaki, Yusuke
JAEA-Research 2016-018, 23 Pages, 2016/12
JAEA-Research-2016-018.pdf:4.41MB
It is important to evaluate the stability of a repository for high-level radioactive waste not only during the design, construction and operation phases, but also during the post-closure period, for time frames likely exceeding several millennia or longer. The rock mass around the tunnels could be deformed through time in response to time dependent behavior. On the other hand, it was revealed that the chemical reaction of groundwater in a rock had an influence on the long-term behavior. An evaluation of the microcracks to have an influence on this mechanical and chemical coupled phenomena should be worked on chiefly. In fiscal year 2015, using a laser Doppler vibrometer that extends a frequency band up to 20 MHz, and measuring the surface wave transmitted through the granite specimens were estimated group velocity. As a result, group velocity until 100 kHz 
500 kHz, revealed that tends to decrease while vibrating. The group speed estimate from a group delay was shown to be easier than the estimate by wave number - frequency spectrum. This is because in order to improve reliability, the estimated frequency band is by using a spatially averaged waveform. As a result obtained, in the case of the modeling by the viscoelastic theory of the granite and a microcrack nondestructiveness evaluation, it is thought that it is useful information in the future. In order to use the knowledge of this study, there is a need to clarify the correspondence between the microscopic properties of the medium such as a crack and crystal grain and the change of the group velocity.
Yonomoto, Taisuke; Shibamoto, Yasuteru; Satou, Akira; Okagaki, Yuria
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 53(9), p.1342 - 1352, 2016/09
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：28.09(Nuclear Science & Technology)Our previous study investigated the rewetting behavior of dryout fuel surface during transients beyond anticipated operational occurrences (AOOs) for BWRs, which indicated the rewetting velocity was significantly affected by the precursory cooling defined as cooling immediately before rewetting. The present study further investigated the previous experiments by conducting additional experimental and numerical heat conduction analyses to characterize the precursory cooling. For the characterization, the precursory cooling was firstly defined quantitatively based on evaluated heat transfer rates; the rewetting velocity was investigated as a function of the cladding temperature immediately before the onset of the precursory cooling. The results indicated that the propagation velocity appeared to be limited by the maximum heat transfer rate near the rewetting front. This limitation was consistent with results of the heat conduction analysis.
Aoyagi, Kazuhei; Tokiwa, Tetsuya*; Fujita, Tomoo
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering; From the Past to the Future (EUROCK 2016), p.1023 - 1028, 2016/07
Ito, Kei; Ezure, Toshiki; Ohshima, Hiroyuki
Nihon Kikai Gakkai Rombunshu (Internet), 80(818), p.FE0299_1 - FE0299_9, 2014/10
A vortex is considered as one of significant phenomena which may cause gas entrainment (GE) and/or vortex cavitation in sodium-cooled fast reactors. In this study, a new vortex model with realistic axial velocity distribution is proposed. As the verification, the new vortex model is applied to the evaluation of a simple vortex experiment, and shows good agreements with the experimental data in terms of the circumferential velocity distribution and the free surface shape. In addition, it is confirmed that the Burgers vortex model fails to calculate accurate velocity distribution with the assumption of uniform axial velocity. However, the calculation accuracy of the Burgers vortex model can be enhanced close to that of the new vortex model in consideration of the effective axial velocity which is calculated as the average value only in the vicinity of the vortex center.
Aoyagi, Kazuhei; Tsusaka, Kimikazu*; Nohara, Shintaro*; Kubota, Kenji*; Tokiwa, Tetsuya*; Kondo, Keiji*; Inagaki, Daisuke*
Proceedings of 8th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium (ARMS-8) (USB Flash Drive), 8 Pages, 2014/10
Kikuchi, Kenji; Takeda, Yasushi*; Obayashi, Hiroo*; Tezuka, Masao*; Sato, Hiroshi
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 356(1-3), p.273 - 279, 2006/09
Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：60.11(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Measurements of LBE flow velocity profile were realized in the spallation target model by the ultrasonic Doppler velocity profile technique. Hitherto, it has not yet been done well because both of poor wetting property of LBE with stainless steels and poor performance of supersonic probes at high temperatures. Measurement was made for a return flow in the target model, which has coaxially arranged annular and tube channels. The electromagnetic pump generates LBE flow and the flow rate was measured by the electromagnetic flow meter. Measurement results show that re-circulation occurred near the surface of beam window, which might affect a heat transfer of target container.
Miyazaki, Akemi
Kozo Kogaku Rombunshu, B, 52B, p.119 - 124, 2006/03
Since it is generally difficult to predict the occurrence of natural disasters such as earthquakes, a performance management system that always maintains the safety and functionalities of structures is required, especially for critical ones like nuclear power plants. In order to realize such a system, it is becoming important to carry out modeling procedures and analyses in detail to better understand the real phenomena. Such details are important in understanding the phenomena occurring in frame structures such as piping systems which are considered to be one of the vulnerable parts in nuclear power plants. The aim of our research is to solve the dynamic behavior of piping systems in nuclear power plants which are complicated assemblages of parts. The spectral element method is adopted in this work and the formulation considering a shear deformation of a frame element is described. The Timoshenko beam theory is introduced for the purpose of this formulation. The validity of the presented element will be shown through comparisons made with the conventional beam.
Serizawa, Hiroyuki; Kikuchi, Hironobu; Iwai, Takashi; Arai, Yasuo; Kurosawa, Makoto; Mimura, Hideaki; Abe, Jiro
JAERI-Tech 2005-039, 23 Pages, 2005/07
JAERI-Tech-2005-039.pdf:2.89MB
A high-temperature ultrasonic measuring system had been designed and installed in a glovebox (711-DGB) to study a mechanical property of nuclear fuel containing trans-uranium (TRU) elements. A figuration apparatus for the cylinder-type sample preparation had also been modified and installed in an established glovebox (142-D). The system consists of an ultrasonic probe, a heating furnace, cooling water-circulating system, a cooling air compressor, vacuum system, gas supplying system and control system. An A/D converter board and an pulsar/Receiver board for the measurement of wave velocity were installed in a personal computer. The apparatus was modified to install into the glovebox. Some safety functions were supplied to the control system. The shape and size of the sample was revised to minimize the amount of TRU elements for the use of the measurement. The maximum sample temperature is 1500 
C. The performance of the installed apparatuses and the glovebox were confirmed through a series of tests.
Miyazaki, Akemi
Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-13) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2005/05
Since it is generally difficult to predict the occurrence of the natural disasters such as earthquakes, a performance management system that always maintains the safety of the structures is required, especially for the critical ones like the nuclear power plants. To realize such a system, it is becoming important to carry out modeling procedures and analyses in detail to capture the real phenomena. Such details are important in understanding the phenomena occurring in the frame structures such as piping systems which are considered to be one of the most weakest and vulnerable parts in the nuclear power plants. The aim of our research is to solve the dynamic behavior, especially the wave propagation phenomena for the piping systems in the nuclear power. The spectral element method is adopted in this work and the formulation considering a shear deformation of a frame element is described. Timoshenko beam theory is introduced for the purpose of this formulation. The validity of the presented element will be shown through the comparisons made with the conventional beam element.
Hayashi, Hiroko*; Matsuoka, Shungo*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*; Amano, Hikaru
JAERI-Conf 2003-010, p.122 - 130, 2003/09
Two dynamic compartment models were constructed as basic river models for MOGRA (Migration Of GRound Additions), an environmental-load effect predicting code. One is 1 component river model, in which radionuclides in particulate form and dissolved form are considered to be in equilibrium in the river water. Another one is 2 component river model, in which particulate form and dissolved form are considered to be different component and are separately compartmentalized. In each model the river sediment is set in a compartment, and the sedimentation of particulate form and resuspension of radionuclides in the river sediment are taken into account.To verify the analysis function of the constructed models, calculation conditions were set using data of Cs-137 concentration in the river water derived from Kuji river, Japan, and analysis was carried out. Comparing two models, almost no difference is seen when sedimentation velocity is low, while there is apparent difference when sedimentation velocity is high.
Ishikura, Shuichi*; Kogawa, Hiroyuki; Futakawa, Masatoshi; Kikuchi, Kenji; Hino, Ryutaro; Arakawa, Chuichi
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 318, p.113 - 121, 2003/05
Times Cited Count：12 Percentile：62.16(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The thermal shock stress in the mercury target vessel was analyzed: the target receives the incident proton beam at the energy of 1 MW with the pulse duration of 1ms. Negative pressure of maximal 61MPa was generated when the initial pressure of 52MPa propagated in mercury. It is expected then that the cavitation may be arisen by the negative pressure. So in order to know the cavitation behavior, the simulation study was carried out by using the equation of motion based on the bubble dynamics for a single bubble, and fundamental parameter analysis was carried out. It is found that a bubble has a potential expansion more than 1000 times with a change of the pressure at the window of the target vessel. Consequently wave propagation will be affected. Theoretical consideration was given to the wave motion of propagation in bubbly liquid. The equation of state in bubbly liquid can be approximated by the polynomial. The diameter of a bubble and the bubble volume fraction inherent in mercury can be decided if the critical pressure, the sound velocity, and resonance frequency is successfully measured by static and dynamic experiment.
Kritmaitree, P.; Akiyama, Mitsunobu*; Hino, Ryutaro; Kaminaga, Masanori; Terada, Atsuhiko*
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 39(1), p.101 - 107, 2002/01
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：39.48(Nuclear Science & Technology)The paper presents analytical results of suction process of a volumetric scroll pump, which will be developed for circulating liquid hydrogen in a cold moderator system. The multi-block grid generation approch has been applied to generate a moving boundaries computational model. The finer mesh patterns have been generated in the near-wall regions. The analysis has been carried out under liquid hydrogen flow conditions. The analytical results show that at the end of suction process the relative pressures increase significantly in a pocket while decrease continuously in another pocket. This phenomenon might damage scroll pump components if the high-pressure side is too high and/or the low-pressure side is too low until the cavitations occur. Therefore, the pockect should open to the discharge chamber before it closes and separates from the suction chamber in order to prevent the cavitations and extremely high-pressure regions.
